Subversion Repositories SvarDOS

;

; rmod - resident module of the SvarCOM command interpreter (NASM code)

;

; Copyright (C) 2021-2024 Mateusz Viste

; MIT license

;

; this is installed in memory by the transient part of SvarCOM. it has only

; two jobs: providing a resident buffer for command history, environment, etc

; and respawning COMMAND.COM whenever necessary.

CPU 8086

org 0x100

PSP_ENVSEG equ 0x2C

section .text    ; all goes into code segment

                 ; offset

SIG1 dw 0x1983   ;  +0

SIG2 dw 0x1985   ;  +2

SIG3 dw 0x2017   ;  +4

SIG4 dw 0x2019   ;  +6  acts also as a guardval to detect severe stack overflows

; Buffer used to remember previous command, when SvarCOM calls the buffered

; input service at INT 21h,AH=0x0A.

; This buffer is right before the stack, so in case of a stack overflow event

; (for example because of a "too ambitious" TSR) only this buffer is damaged,

; and can be invalidated without much harm. To detect such damage, SvarCOM's

; transient part is appending a signature at the end of the buffer.

INPUTBUF: times 132 db 0 ; 130 bytes for the input buffer + 2 for signature

; DOS int 21h functions that I use require at least 40 bytes of stack under

; DOS-C (FreeDOS) kernel, so here I reserve 64 bytes juste to be sure

STACKBUF db "XXX  SVARCOM RMOD BY MATEUSZ VISTE  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"

STACKPTR dw 0

; offset of the COMSPEC variable in the environment block, 0 means "use

; boot drive". this value is patched by the transient part of COMMAND.COM

COMSPECPTR dw 0  ; +CEh

; fallback COMSPEC string used if no COMSPEC is present in the environment.

; drive is patched by the transient part of COMMAND.COM

COMSPECBOOT db "@:\COMMAND.COM", 0 ; +D0h

; exit code of last application

LEXCODE  db 0    ; +DFh

; ExecParamRec used by INT 21h, AX=4b00 (load and execute program), 14 bytes:

;  offset  size  content

;     +0     2   segment of environment for child (0 = current)

;     +2     4   address of command line to place at PSP:0080

;     +6     4   address of an FCB to be placed at PSP:005c

;    +0Ah    4   address of an FCB to be placed at PSP:006c

EXEC_PARAM_REC db 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0   ; +E0h

; Program to execute, preset by SvarCOM (128 bytes, ASCIIZ)

EXECPROG: times 128 db 0                                     ; +EEh

; File where stdin and stdout should be redirected (0 = no redirection)

REDIR_INFIL:     times 128 db 0     ; +16Eh

REDIR_OUTFIL:    times 128 db 0     ; +1EEh

REDIR_OUTAPPEND: dw 0               ; +26Eh

REDIR_DEL_STDIN: db 0               ; +270h  indicates that the stdin file

                                    ;        should be deleted (pipes). This

                                    ;        MUST contain the 1st char of

                                    ;        REDIR_INFIL!

EXEC_LH: db 0                       ; +271h  EXECPROG to be loaded high?

ORIG_UMBLINKSTATE: db 0             ; +272h

ORIG_ALLOCSTRAT: db 0               ; +273h

CTRLC_FLAG: db 0                    ; +274h  flag that says "aborted by CTRL+C"

; CTRL+BREAK (int 23h) handler

; According to the TechHelp! Manual: "If you want to abort (exit to the parent

; process), then set the carry flag and return via a FAR RET. This causes DOS

; to perform normal cleanup and exit to the parent." (otherwise use iret)

BREAK_HANDLER:            ; +275h

mov [CTRLC_FLAG], byte 1  ; checked by SvarCOM to abort BAT files

stc

retf

; INT 0x2E handler

INT2E:

xor ax, ax

iret

skipsig:                  ; +27Fh

; set up CS=DS=SS and point SP to my private stack buffer

mov ax, cs

mov ds, ax

mov es, ax

mov ss, ax

mov sp, STACKPTR

; set up myself as break handler (int 0x23)

mov ax, 0x2523  ; set int vector 23h

mov dx, BREAK_HANDLER

int 0x21

; set up myself as int 0x2E handler ("pass command to shell")

mov ax, 0x252E

mov dx, INT2E ; TODO do something meaningful instead of a no-op

int 0x21

; revert stdin/stdout redirections (if any) to their initial state

call REVERT_REDIR_IF_ANY

; redirect stdin and/or stdout if required

call REDIR_INOUTFILE_IF_REQUIRED

; should I execute command.com or a pre-set application?

cmp [EXECPROG], byte 0

jz EXEC_COMMAND_COM

; TODO: perhaps I should call the DOS SetPSP function here? But if I do, the

;       int 21h, ah=50h call freezes...

;mov ah, 0x50           ; DOS 2+ -- Set PSP

;mov bx, cs

;int 0x21

; LOADHIGH?

cmp [EXEC_LH], byte 0

je NO_LOADHIGH

; SAVE CURRENT UMB LINK STATE

mov ax, 0x5802  ; GET UMB LINK STATE

int 0x21

mov [ORIG_UMBLINKSTATE], al

; SAVE CURRENT ALLOCATION STRATEGY

mov ax, 0x5800

int 0x21

mov [ORIG_ALLOCSTRAT], al

; LOADHIGH: link in the UMB memory chain for enabling high-memory allocation

;           (and save initial status on stack)

mov ax, 0x5803  ; SET UMB LINK STATE */

mov bx, 1

int 0x21

; set strategy to 'last fit, try high then low memory'

mov ax, 0x5801

mov bx, 0x0082

int 0x21

NO_LOADHIGH:

; exec an application preset (by SvarCOM) in the ExecParamRec

mov ax, 0x4B00         ; DOS 2+ - load & execute program

mov dx, EXECPROG       ; DS:DX  - ASCIZ program name (preset at PSP[already)

mov bx, EXEC_PARAM_REC ; ES:BX  - parameter block pointer

int 0x21

mov [cs:EXECPROG], byte 0 ; do not run app again (+DS might have been changed)

; go to start if nothing else to do (this will enforce valid ds/ss/etc)

cmp [cs:EXEC_LH], byte 0

je skipsig

; restore UMB link state and alloc strategy to original values (but make sure

; to base it on CS since DS might have been trashed by the program)

mov ax, 0x5803

xor bx, bx

mov bl, [cs:ORIG_UMBLINKSTATE]

int 0x21

; restore original memory allocation strategy

mov ax, 0x5801

mov bl, [cs:ORIG_ALLOCSTRAT]

int 0x21

; turn off the LH flag

mov [cs:EXEC_LH], byte 0

jmp skipsig      ; enforce valid ds/ss/etc (can be lost after int 21,4b)

EXEC_COMMAND_COM:

; collect the exit code of previous application

mov ah, 0x4D

int 0x21

mov [LEXCODE], al

; zero out the exec param block (14 bytes)

mov al, 0              ; byte to write

mov cx, 14             ; how many times

mov di, EXEC_PARAM_REC ; ES:DI = destination

cld                    ; stosb must move forward

rep stosb              ; repeat cx times

; zero out the LH flag

mov [EXEC_LH], byte 0

; preset the default COMSPEC pointer to ES:DX (ES is already set to DS)

mov dx, COMSPECBOOT

; do I have a valid COMSPEC?

or [COMSPECPTR], word 0

jz USEDEFAULTCOMSPEC

; set ES:DX to actual COMSPEC (in env segment)

mov es, [PSP_ENVSEG]

mov dx, [COMSPECPTR]

USEDEFAULTCOMSPEC:

; prepare the exec param block

mov ax, [PSP_ENVSEG]

mov [EXEC_PARAM_REC], ax

mov [EXEC_PARAM_REC+2], word CMDTAIL

mov [EXEC_PARAM_REC+4], cs

; execute command.com

mov ax, 0x4B00         ; DOS 2+ - load & execute program

push es                ;

pop ds                 ;

;mov dx, COMSPEC       ; DS:DX  - ASCIZ program name (preset already)

push cs

pop es

mov bx, EXEC_PARAM_REC ; ES:BX  - parameter block pointer

int 0x21

; if all went well, jump back to start

jnc skipsig

; save error code into cl

mov cl, al

; display program name (in DS:DX), but first replace its nul terminator by a $

mov si, dx

PARSENEXTBYTE:

lodsb ; load byte at DS:SI into AL and inc SI (direction flag is clear already)

test al, al  ; is zero yet?

jnz PARSENEXTBYTE

mov [si], byte '$'   ; replace the nul terminator by a $ and display it

mov ah, 0x09

int 0x21

mov [si], byte 0     ; revert the nul terminator back to its place

; restore DS=CS

mov bx, cs

mov ds, bx

; update error string so it contains the error number

mov al, '0'

add al, cl    ; the exec error code

mov [ERRLOAD + 6], al

; display error message

mov ah, 0x09

mov dx, ERRLOAD

int 0x21

; wait for keypress

mov ah, 0x08

int 0x21

; back to program start

jmp skipsig

; command.com tail arguments, in PSP format: length byte followed by args and

; terminated with \r) - a single 0x0A byte is passed so SvarCOM knows it is

; called as respawn (as opposed to being invoked as a normal application)

; this allows multiple copies of SvarCOM to stack upon each other.

CMDTAIL db 0x01, 0x0A, 0x0D

ERRLOAD db ": ERR x, LOAD FAILED", 0x0A, 0x0D, '$'

; variables used to revert stdin/stdout to their initial state

OLD_STDOUT dw 0xffff

OLD_STDIN  dw 0xffff

; ****************************************************************************

; *** ROUTINES ***************************************************************

; ****************************************************************************

; ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

; revert stdin/stdout redirections (if any) to their initial state

REVERT_REDIR_IF_ANY:

; is stdout redirected?

mov bx, [OLD_STDOUT]

cmp bx, 0xffff

je STDOUT_DONE

; revert the stdout handle (dst in BX already)

mov cx, 1        ; src handle (1=stdout)

mov ah, 0x46     ; redirect a handle

int 0x21

; close the old handle (still in bx)

mov ah, 0x3e

int 0x21

mov [OLD_STDOUT], word 0xffff ; mark stdout as "not redirected"

STDOUT_DONE:

; is stdin redirected?

mov bx, [OLD_STDIN]

cmp bx, 0xffff

je STDIN_DONE

; revert the stdin handle (dst in BX already)

xor cx, cx       ; src handle (0=stdin)

mov ah, 0x46     ; redirect a handle

int 0x21

; close the old handle (still in bx)

mov ah, 0x3e

int 0x21

mov [OLD_STDIN], word 0xffff ; mark stdin as "not redirected"

; delete stdin file if required

cmp [REDIR_DEL_STDIN], byte 0

je STDIN_DONE

; revert the original file and delete it

mov ah, [REDIR_DEL_STDIN]

mov [REDIR_INFIL], ah

mov ah, 0x41     ; DOS 2+ - delete file pointed at by DS:DX

mov dx, REDIR_INFIL

int 0x21

mov [REDIR_INFIL], byte 0

mov [REDIR_DEL_STDIN], byte 0

STDIN_DONE:

ret

; ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

; ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

; redirect stdout if REDIR_OUTFIL points to something

REDIR_INOUTFILE_IF_REQUIRED:

cmp [REDIR_OUTFIL], byte 0

je NO_STDOUT_REDIR

mov si, REDIR_OUTFIL   ; si = output file

mov ax, 0x6c00         ; Extended Open/Create

mov bx, 1              ; access mode (0=read, 1=write, 2=r+w)

xor cx, cx             ; file attribs when(if) file is created (0=normal)

mov dx, [REDIR_OUTAPPEND] ; action if file exist (0x11=open, 0x12=truncate)

int 0x21               ; ax=handle on success (CF clear)

mov [REDIR_OUTFIL], byte 0

jc NO_STDOUT_REDIR     ; TODO: abort with an error message instead

; jump to end of file if flag was 0x11 (required for >> redirections)

cmp [REDIR_OUTAPPEND], word 0x11

jne SKIP_JMPEOF

mov bx, ax

mov ax, 0x4202         ; jump to position EOF - CX:DX in handle BX

xor cx, cx

xor dx, dx

int 0x21

mov ax, bx             ; put my handle back in ax, as expected by later code

SKIP_JMPEOF:

; duplicate current stdout so I can revert it later

push ax                ; save my file handle in stack

mov ah, 0x45           ; duplicate file handle BX

mov bx, 1              ; 1 = stdout

int 0x21               ; ax=new (duplicated) file handle

mov [OLD_STDOUT], ax   ; save the old handle in memory

; redirect stdout to my file

pop bx                 ; dst handle

mov cx, 1              ; src handle (1=stdout)

mov ah, 0x46           ; "redirect a handle"

int 0x21

; close the original file handle, I no longer need it

mov ah, 0x3e           ; close a file handle (handle in BX)

int 0x21

NO_STDOUT_REDIR:

; *** redirect stdin if REDIR_INFIL points to something ***

cmp [REDIR_INFIL], byte 0

je NO_STDIN_REDIR

mov dx, REDIR_INFIL    ; dx:dx = file

mov ax, 0x3d00         ; open file for read

int 0x21               ; ax=handle on success (CF clear)

mov [REDIR_INFIL], byte 0

jc NO_STDIN_REDIR      ; TODO: abort with an error message instead

; duplicate current stdin so I can revert it later

push ax                ; save my file handle in stack

mov ah, 0x45           ; duplicate file handle BX

xor bx, bx             ; 0=stdin

int 0x21               ; ax=new (duplicated) file handle

mov [OLD_STDIN], ax    ; save the old handle in memory

; redirect stdout to my file

pop bx                 ; dst handle

xor cx, cx             ; src handle (0=stdin)

mov ah, 0x46           ; "redirect a handle"

int 0x21

; close the original file handle, I no longer need it

mov ah, 0x3e           ; close a file handle (handle in BX)

int 0x21

NO_STDIN_REDIR:

ret

; ----------------------------------------------------------------------------